Overall Mumbai to Goa Road Distance is about 600km. You'll spend 10-12 hours on road till you reach the destination in Goa.
The major route options and distances are :
Mumbai to Goa Route Option 1 (via Belgaum): Mumbai -80km->Lonavala -70km-> Pune -110km-> Satara -120km->Kolkapur -35km->Nipani-25km->Sankeshwar-50km->Belgaum-28km->Khanapur -100km->Ponda -32km->Panaji (Goa)
Mumbai to Goa Route Option 2 (via Belgaum): Mumbai -80km->Lonavala -70km-> Pune -110km-> Satara -120km->Kolkapur -35km->Nipani-25km->Sankeshwar-50km->Belgaum-110km-> Panaji (Goa)
Mumbai to Goa Route Option 3 (via Sawantwadi): Mumbai -80km->Lonavala -70km-> Pune -110km-> Satara -120km->Kolkapur -35km->Nipani-110km->Sawantwadi-60km->Panaji (Goa)
A word of caution, do not opt for a route, just because it's appears a bit shorter in distance. There are other factors to consider, like the current road condition, your destination in Goa etc
Talking about the first stretch (Mumbai-Pune), anyone from Mumbai knows that there are two road options between Mumbai and Pune : The Mumbai-Pune Express Way and the Old Mumbai Pune Highway.
Mumbai Pune Belgaum Goa Distances
Make your choice. Select the expressway for obvious reasons. If you are a purist who wants to enjoy the countryside pass by take the old highway.
Anyways it's a 3+hours affair to Pune from Mumbai.
Whichever route you select, do not enter Pune city. Take the Pune bypass on the NH4. The diversion to Pune city appears about 10km after you've exited the Expressway. Keep continue on the highway, you'll automatically bypass the city.
The second phase of your drive again can be divided into some 3 major section. The first is driving on NH4 all the way up to Nipani or Belgaum where you'll make a major southwest diversion towards Goa.
The second is diversions options mentioned above and some more. Essentially you decide here based on where you cross the Goa boarder.
The last is all about the last mile routes in Goa, based on your final destination in Goa.
Take a look at a Pune to Goa driving directions and Maps.
Also if you are still contemplating the two main alternative routes between Mumbai and Pune (the NH17 vs NH4 dilemma!), take a hard look at both the routes options.
Read the latest Mumbai to Goa road trip reviews. Look for current road conditions especially during and after monsoon season.
If you still wanted to get the best of both, make a compromise, go to Goa via NH4 and comeback to Mumbai via NH17!
The major route options and distances for Mumbai-Pune-Goa :
Mumbai to Goa Route Option 1 (via Belgaum): Mumbai -80km->Lonavala -70km-> Pune -110km-> Satara -120km->Kolkapur -35km->Nipani-25km->Sankeshwar-50km->Belgaum-28km->Khanapur -100km->Ponda -32km->Panaji (Goa)
Mumbai to Goa Route Option 2 (via Belgaum): Mumbai -80km->Lonavala -70km-> Pune -110km-> Satara -120km->Kolkapur -35km->Nipani-25km->Sankeshwar-50km->Belgaum-110km-> Panaji (Goa)
Mumbai to Goa Route Option 3 (via Sawantwadi): Mumbai -80km->Lonavala -70km-> Pune -110km-> Satara -120km->Kolkapur -35km->Nipani-110km->Sawantwadi-60km->Panaji (Goa)